Claire WhitakerBy Claire Whitaker

Updated November 2026

Yes, calla lilies (Zantedeschia species) are perennials, but only in USDA hardiness zones 8 through 10, where the rhizomes survive winter in the ground. In colder areas, they behave as tender perennials or annuals and need to be lifted or grown in containers. Their hardiness depends on climate, not on the plant itself.

Why calla lilies count as perennials

A perennial is any plant that lives for more than two years and regrows from the same root system. Calla lilies grow from thick, fleshy rhizomes (botanically they are often described as tuberous rhizomes). Each spring the rhizome sends up new leaves and flowering stems, and in a mild climate it keeps doing this for many years. That persistent underground structure is what makes them perennial.

Shopping for one? See our guide: Perennials for Zone 6b: 10 Best Picks for Every Garden (2026).

The catch is that the rhizome is frost-sensitive. Once the soil freezes solid, or the temperature drops well below about 20°F for extended periods, the tissue can be damaged or killed. So the plant is perennial in principle, but whether it actually comes back depends on whether your winters are gentle enough for it to survive.

The factors that decide whether they come back

Several conditions work together to determine survival:

  • Hardiness zone. Zones 8–10 usually have winter lows above 10°F, which is enough for rhizomes left in the ground to make it through. Zone 7 can work in sheltered sites with mulch. Zones 6 and colder generally do not.
  • Soil drainage. Wet, cold soil rots rhizomes faster than cold air does. Well-drained soil gives them the best chance.
  • Depth. Rhizomes planted 3 to 4 inches deep sit below the frost line in mild areas better than shallow ones.
  • Mulch. A layer of 3 to 4 inches of shredded leaves or straw insulates the soil in marginal zones.
  • Variety. Some types, such as Zantedeschia aethiopica (white arum lily), are more cold-tolerant than the colorful hybrids and can handle slightly cooler conditions.

What to do if you live outside zones 8–10

If your winters are too harsh, you can still enjoy calla lilies every year with a little effort. The simplest approach is to grow them in containers and move them indoors before the first hard frost. Keep the pots in a cool, dry, dark place (around 40–50°F) for the dormant period, then bring them back into light and warmth in early spring.

Another option is to dig the rhizomes after the foliage yellows in fall. Brush off the soil, let them dry for a few days out of direct sun, then store them in a paper bag or a box of dry peat or vermiculite at about 50°F. Replant them 2 to 3 weeks after your last frost date, when soil has warmed to at least 60°F.

Practical steps for growing calla lilies as perennials

  1. Check your USDA zone before planting. If it is 8 or higher, plant rhizomes directly in the ground.
  2. Plant rhizomes 3 to 4 inches deep, eyes or growing tips facing up, about 12 to 18 inches apart.
  3. Choose a site with partial shade in hot climates and full to partial sun in cooler ones.
  4. Use well-drained soil. Amend heavy clay with compost or grit.
  5. Water regularly during the growing season, then reduce watering once the leaves begin to yellow in fall.
  6. In zones 7 and borderline areas, apply mulch in late fall.
  7. Divide clumps every 3 to 4 years in spring if flowering declines, using the methods described in When and How to Divide Perennial Plants Successfully.

What we’d use

A pot with drainage holes and a bag of well-draining potting mix make container-grown callas much easier to overwinter indoors.

Terra cotta or glazed ceramic pots with large drainage holes help keep rhizomes from sitting in water.View on Amazon

A loose, fast-draining mix suits rhizomes that need air around them.View on Amazon

A thick mulch material helps insulate ground-planted rhizomes in marginal zones.View on Amazon

Can calla lilies survive a light frost?

Foliage will usually be damaged by a light frost around 30°F, but rhizomes in the ground can often survive short cold snaps if the soil stays unfrozen. Cover plants with a sheet or frost cloth on cold nights.

Do calla lilies bloom every year?

Most do bloom annually when they have enough light, moisture and a resting period. Lack of flowers is usually caused by too much shade, too much nitrogen fertilizer or overcrowded clumps.

How do I know if a rhizome is still alive in spring?

Firm, plump rhizomes that are not mushy are likely alive. Shriveled or soft, rotten tissue will not regrow. Check before planting and discard any that smell sour.

Can I grow calla lilies indoors year-round?

Yes, with bright light, consistent watering and a rest period after blooming. For detailed indoor care, see Houseplant Calla Lily Plant Care Indoors: A Step-by-Step Guide.

Are calla lilies safe around pets?

No. Calla lilies contain calcium oxalate crystals that irritate the mouth and digestive tract of cats and dogs. Keep them out of reach. Anyone concerned about a pet that has chewed on the plant should contact a veterinarian or animal poison control service.

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Claire Whitaker

About Claire Whitaker

Claire Whitaker is part of our editorial team and reviews and edits our plant care Q&A guides, checking product details against manufacturer specifications and owner feedback.